Welcome to the Stolen Relations Explore page!

Two quick words of caution:

  1. Archival documents often contain terms, phrases, and biases that reduce, minimize, or alter Native identities and views of the world.
  2. This project is not “complete” — numbers shown represent only what has been entered into this database, not the total number of Natives who were enslaved or unfree in any given area.

Introductory Materials

Introductory Materials

Welcome to the Stolen Relations project! Below you will find a variety of resources to learn more about the history of Indigenous enslavement as well as contemporary perspectives on the issue.

Information from the Stolen Relations Project

A Brief History of Indigenous Enslavement and Servitude

A Brief History of Indigenous Enslavement and Servitude
read

Decolonizing the Archives

Decolonizing the Archives
read

About this Project

About this Project
read

Stolen Relations Website Features

Stolen Relations Website Features
read

How to Search

How to Search
read

A Brief History of Indigenous Enslavement and Servitude

A Brief History of Indigenous Enslavement and Servitude
read

Decolonizing the Archives

Decolonizing the Archives
read

About this Project

About this Project
read

Stolen Relations Website Features

Stolen Relations Website Features
read

How to Search

How to Search
read

Videos Related to Indigenous Slavery History

Did Europeans Enslave Native Americans?

Did Europeans Enslave Native Americans?
watch

PBS, 2020

Native American Slavery in New England

Native American Slavery in New England
watch

Margaret Newell, The Ohio State University, 2022

Native American Slavery in Spanish Colonies

Native American Slavery in Spanish Colonies
watch

Andrés Reséndez, University of California – Davis, 2022

Ethical Considerations Regarding Sharing Stories of Enslavement

Ethical Considerations Regarding Sharing Stories of Enslavement
watch

Linford Fisher and Lydia Curliss, American Philosophical Society conference, 2022

Indian Slavery: An Unspoken History

Indian Slavery: An Unspoken History
watch

Panel discussion at Brown University, 2016

"American Indian Slave Trade in the Colonial South"

“American Indian Slave Trade in the Colonial South”
watch

Tyler Boulware, West Virginia University, 2022

Suggested Reading

Perspective: The Other Slavery, Andrés Reséndez

Perspective: The Other Slavery, Andrés Reséndez
read

America's Other Original Sin

America’s Other Original Sin
read

Rebecca Onion, Slate, 2016

Colonial enslavement of Native Americans included those who surrendered, too

Colonial enslavement of Native Americans included those who surrendered, too
read

Brown University news service

What Slavery Looked like in the West

What Slavery Looked like in the West
read

The Atlantic, 2021

Perspective: The Other Slavery, Andrés Reséndez

Perspective: The Other Slavery, Andrés Reséndez
read

America's Other Original Sin

America’s Other Original Sin
read

Rebecca Onion, Slate, 2016

Colonial enslavement of Native Americans included those who surrendered, too

Colonial enslavement of Native Americans included those who surrendered, too
read

Brown University news service

What Slavery Looked like in the West

What Slavery Looked like in the West
read

The Atlantic, 2021

Podcasts and Radio 

An American Secret: The Untold Story of Native American Enslavement, Hidden Brain, 2017

An American Secret: The Untold Story of Native American Enslavement, Hidden Brain, 2017
listen

Andrés Reséndez

Native American Slavery, First Voices Radio, 2022

Native American Slavery, First Voices Radio, 2022
listen

Linford Fisher

Indigenous Enslavement: Part 1

Indigenous Enslavement: Part 1
listen

SPLC, Learning for Justice

Native American Slavery in New France, Episode 197, Ben Franklin's World

Native American Slavery in New France, Episode 197, Ben Franklin’s World

Brett Rushforth

Native Enslavement in the Caribbean

Native Enslavement in the Caribbean
listen

Rebecca Goetz

An American Secret: The Untold Story of Native American Enslavement, Hidden Brain, 2017

An American Secret: The Untold Story of Native American Enslavement, Hidden Brain, 2017
listen

Andrés Reséndez

Native American Slavery, First Voices Radio, 2022

Native American Slavery, First Voices Radio, 2022
listen

Linford Fisher

Indigenous Enslavement: Part 1

Indigenous Enslavement: Part 1
listen

SPLC, Learning for Justice

Native American Slavery in New France, Episode 197, Ben Franklin's World

Native American Slavery in New France, Episode 197, Ben Franklin’s World

Brett Rushforth

Native Enslavement in the Caribbean

Native Enslavement in the Caribbean
listen

Rebecca Goetz

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